So scientific improvement is coming, but still on the material platform. Material means gross material and subtle material. That is explained in the Bhagavad-gita:

First of all we can see a person. A person we see, what do we see? The senses. But we cannot see the director of the senses. The director of the senses is the mind. And the director of the mind is intelligence. And the owner of the intelligence is the soul. This is understanding. The soul is there. Whose intelligence? As soon as we shall say intelligence, whose intelligence? That is the soul's intelligence. Wherefrom the intelligence is coming? From Paramatma, Hrsikesa. Therefore this word is used here, hrs ikesa. The intelligence will come from Paramatma. Otherwise we cannot act, just like a child has got intelligence, but it is guided by the parent's intelligence: "My dear son, do like this." And he does it. Similarly, we have got all this mind, intelligence, everything, but that is being guided by the super-intelligence, Krsna. Therefore He is called Hrsikesa. Once we have explained Hrsikesa. So we have to reach that platform where we can talk with Hrsikesa. That is spiritual platform. That is possible. The more you become purified, you can talk with Hrsikesa, who is within yourself. He is not outside. Although He in Goloka Vrndavana, Krsna is always in Vrndavana, in the spiritual world, but because He is Krsna, He can remain with you also at the same time, simultaneously. This is Krsna. Goloka eva nivasaty akhilatma-bhutah [Bs. 5.37].

So after finishing this material world, there is covering of the universe, stock matter, mahat-tattva, wherefrom all these material comings. There is stock. So you have to penetrate through that stock material. And each layer of stock is ten times more than the other. So you have to pierce through the stock, material stock; then you reach the spiritual world. And the spiritual world, there are many... "Many" means three times more than these universes. This universe, this material universe, is only one-fourth manifestation of Krsna's creation. Ekamsena sthito jagat. When Arjuna inquired from Krsna, "So would you kindly explain little of your opulence." "Yes." So He said, "I am this. Out of this, I am this." He summarized,

So you cannot go even in the moon planet. How you can go to that spiritual planet penetrating the material coverings coming to the spiritual effulgence, Brahman, and after all these universes, then...? Therefore it is said, panthas tu koti-sata-vatsara-sampragamyah [Bs. 5.34]. Koti-sata-vatsara, millions of years, if you go with your sputnik with full force... Panthas tu koti-sata-vatsara. Not this sputnik, but make your planes of mind speed. This is material speed. What is this speed? A few thousands, twenty thousand, fifty thousand. But do you know mind speed? You are sitting here, and immediately, within a second, you can go to India. This is mind speed. Immediately. So panthas tu koti-sata-vatsara sampragamyo vayor athapi [Bs. 5.34]. By the air speed or mind speed. Vayor athapi manaso muni-pungavanam. And driven by great scientists, muni-pungava. Pungava means very expert, nara-pungava. So big, big scientists, expert scientists, if they can discover airplane which is running on mind speed or air speed... They are not, they cannot go by the air speed. They fly on the air, but not with the air speed. So in this way, still, avicintya-tattve, after going many, many millions of years in that speed, still you will find, "Oh, Goloka Vrndavana is far, far away." This is the position.

So that Krsna... And we are explaining what is Krsna. Don't consider Krsna is ordinary human being. Avajananti mam mudha manusim tanum asritam [Bg. 9.11]. Because He kindly appears before us just like ordinary human being, don't think that He is like us. It is the conclusion. Just like these rascals, they think that "Because Krsna appeared as a human being, I am also God. I am also God. Why Krsna shall be alone God?" So we are trying to explain what is Krsna, Hrsikesa. Hrsikesa. Then goloka-namni. Goloka eva nivasaty akhilatma-bhutah. Goloka eva nivasati.

So Krsna is described, this how He becomes Hrsikesa, that goloka eva nivasati. He is enjoying with His associates, the cowherds boys, the gopis, in goloka-namni nija-dhamni. He is enjoying there. At the same time, He is within your heart. This is Krsna, Hrsikesa. He's come simultaneously, not only within your heart, within the atom. Andantara-stha-paramanu-cayantara-stham govindam adi-purusam tam aham... [Bs. 5.35]. Not only within your heart, but within the atom. Just imagine. How many atoms there are. So Krsna is everywhere. These are..., we have to take information of Krsna from the sastra. Sastram eva caksusa (?). Vedanta-sutra. Your eyes should be sastra, not your so-called imagination. sastra-caksusa. Yah sastra-vidhim utsrjya vartate kama... [Bg. 16.23]. If you give up the direction of the sastra and manufacture your own way, yah sastra-vidhim utsrjya vartate kama-karatah, as you like, then na sa siddhim avapnoti: you will never get siddhi, perfection, never get. Na sa siddhim avap..., na sukham, neither happiness. And what to speak of param gatim, going back to home, back to Godhead. So sastra-caksusa. Everything we have to take from the sastra. Because we are blind now. sastra-caksusa. Our, the sastra-jnana, because the spiritual master enlightens the disciple with sastra-jnana, therefore he is spiritual master. If the spiritual master bluffs the disciple, then he is not spiritual master. Bluffing. No.

So here is sastra, Bhagavad-gita. Hrsikesa. We have already explained one day. Here also, again we are explaining. Hrsikesa. Krsna. Krsna is there. He never leaves from Vrndavana. He is there. Why? Here also. Just like we see, a very rich man, a very influential man, the president, he lives in his... The Queen, she is in the Buckingham Palace. But she cannot go at the same time anywhere and everywhere. No. She is in, packed up in Buckingham Palace. Krsna is not like that. Therefore He is Hrsikesa. Try to understand the distinction between Krsna and others. Krsna is goloka eva nivasaty akhilatma-bhutah [Bs. 5.37]. Atma-bhuta. This atma-bhuta is Hrsikesa. He is giving intelligence. The more you become purified, the more you get direct instruction from Hrsikesa. This is the point. So how you can become purified? Purified means no more influenced by the modes of material nature. That is explained: gudakesa. Gudaka isa. Gudaka means darkness, and isa. When you become master of this material world, or material senses. This material world means material senses. That's all. So if you become master of the material senses, then you become gudakesa. Therefore Arjuna is described here as gudakesa. Arjuna... Don't take Arjuna that he was mistaken. No, he cannot be. How he can be? He is constantly with Krsna. How he can be misdirected? No. That is not possible. In the Caitanya-caritamrta it is said that krsna surya-sama maya andhakara [Cc. Madhya 22.31]. So gudaka means darkness, maya. So krsna surya-sama maya andhakara. The darkness and light is there always, side by side. We have got experience. Here is sunlight, here is darkness. So these two things are there. So krsna surya-sama maya andhakara, yahan krsna tahan nahi mayara adhikara. Wherever there is Krsna, there is no jurisdiction of darkness or maya.

The next verse. Krsna Hrsikesa. So He knew the sarvasya caham hrdi sannivistah [Bg. 15.15]. Krsna is there. Krsna knows what is your purpose, what you want to do, what is your past, future. Everything Krsna knows. Everything Krsna knows. That is explained in the Bhagavad-gita. Vedaham samatitani; [Bg. 7.26] "I know everything." So Krsna, sthapayitva, rathottamam sthapayitva. As soon as Arjuna asked Him, senayor ubhayor madhye ratham sthapaya me 'cyuta [Bg. 1.21], immediately He carried out the order and He knew why he wants. He wanted to see, "With whom I have to fight, my friends and relatives." He's hesitating. So why this ignorance of Arjuna, the question may be. Arjuna is gudakesa. He is above this material world. How he is being affected by his so-called relatives and kinsmen? He was hesitating to fight on this principle, that "They are my relatives. They are my kinsmen. They are my family members." He was always thinking. Therefore Krsna knew it. So he has become so family-wise infected. But he is gudakesa. How it is possible? He is above all these things. Yes, he is above all these things. By Krsna's desire, he is playing like that, ordinary man. Otherwise, how Bhagavad-gita will come? Krsna cannot talk with ordinary person. Krsna cannot fight with ordinary person. Even the demons, when they come, just like Hiranyaksa, Hiranyakasipu. They were Jaya-Vijaya in the Vaikuntha world. So they came here, and Krsna asked them, that "If you become My enemy, then within three births you will come back. And if you remain friend, then seven births." So they preferred, "Oh, I shall become Your enemy, Sir, so that I can come back again after three births." So why? That Krsna has all the propensities. Just like we sometimes want to fight, mock fight. So in the Vaikuntha world there cannot be any fight. So because Krsna wanted to exercise His fighting spirit, He sent His devotee. He became enemy and He fought. So you have to understand Krsna in that way, as Hrsikesa. He knows that unless Arjuna becomes affected family-wise, how Bhagavad-gita will be there? Therefore although Gudakesa, Arjuna, is above darkness, still, by the will of Krsna, Hrsikesa, he played just like ordinary man, affected with his family affection. Therefore Krsna in the next verse says... Uvaca. Krsna said, "My dear Partha, now you wanted to see with whom you have to fight. Now, here is Bhisma, Drona, and many other kings. All the descendants of Kuru dynasty, your Dhrtarastra's sons. Now you see very nicely and be prepared to fight with them." So this is the explanation of Hrsikesa and Gudakesa.

Thank you very much. (end)