Similarly, if this is possible for a material object... sun is nothing but a material object, lump of material matter, very powerful, predominantly fiery. That's all. Everything in the material world, they're made of five elements: ether, air, and fire, water, and earth. So in somewhere the earth is predominant, somewhere the air is predominant, somewhere the fire is predominant. So there are innumerable planets, and the sun is one of them. So this is also material object. If it is possible for the material object to disappear and appear within our limited senses, what to speak of God and His devotees. So God does not mean that because He is not visible to our imperfect senses, therefore God has no existence. This is foolishness. God is existent. But one who has got eyes to see...

What is that eye? Just like a small child. If I say to the small child, so "Sun is there in the sky, and the child will say, "Show me where is the sun." And if somebody says, "Yes, come on, I shall show you sun. Come on the roof. I have got a torch-light." As it is not possible to show the sun at night, although the child is insisting, similarly, the so-called scientists who are claiming that there is no God, they're just like the child. You have to understand. Just like a man who is advanced in knowledge, he knows that sun is there. Although I cannot see at night, but sun is there. He's convinced. Similarly, those who are advanced in spiritual knowledge, they can see God in every moment. Premanjana-cchurita-bhakti-vilocanena santah sadaiva hrdayesu vilokayanti [Bs. 5.38].

And what is that scientific knowledge? That is very simple. Prema. If you have love of God, then you are qualified to see God every moment. Premanjana-cchurita-bhakti-vilocanena [Bs. 5.38]. When one's eyes are smeared with the ointment of love of Godhead, by that clear eyes... Just like sometimes we use ointment to the eye to see very clearly, similarly, these eyes, these material eyes, are incompetent to see God. These ears incompetent to hear the holy name of God. This tongue is incompetent to chant the holy name of God. Similarly, all the senses, they are, being material. So constitutionally, they cannot see God, they cannot hear of God, they cannot chant of the holy name of God. But it is possible. The sastra gives you indication.

Sevonmukhe hi jihvadau [Brs. 1.2.234]. If you are in service attitude, then beginning from your tongue... Jihva, jihva means tongue. Jihvadau, beginning with tongue. The God realization begins with your tongue and ear. You chant Hare Krsna and hear the transcendental name, and gradually you shall realize.

Just like an experienced man knows that there is sun in the sky although it is invisible. Similarly, the actual word, here it is stated, bahuni me vyatitani janmani tava carjuna. So God or the living entities, they're appearing and disappearing. Just try to understand the same example, sun. Sun is always existing, but it is appearing and disappearing. Similarly, we also appear and disappear.

Actually, we are eternal. Both God and the living entities they are qualitatively one, eternal. Sac-cid-ananda-vigrahah [Bs. 5.1]. Sat means eternity, and cit means full of knowledge, and ananda means full of joy. These are the qualifications of God and living entity. Therefore we are hankering after pleasure. All people are working hard, day and night, for pleasure. Because by constitution, he is pleasureful, joyful. As soon as there is little hindrance to the process of his joyfulness he becomes sorry. This is my nature. Sac-cid-ananda-vigrahah [Bs. 5.1]. But God and the living entity, both being sac-cid-ananda-vigrahah... Vigraha means form, individuality. So God has form, and you have got also form, I have got also form, everyone has got form. Nityo nityanam cetanas cetananam (Katha Upanisad 2.2.13). He is the supreme individual personality, and we are subordinate personalities. That is the difference. Otherwise, in quality, God, you and me, are all the same. That Krsna says.

So far appearance and disappearance is concerned, Arjuna and Krsna are on the same level. Bahuni me vyatitani janmani. "My dear Arjuna, I have many many appearance and disappearance in the past. Similarly, you had also many appearance and disappearances in the past. But the difference is, tany aham veda. My appearance and disappearances, I remember everything, past, present, future, everything. Na tvam vettha parantapa, but you do not." Now, we cannot remember what was, what I was in my past life. Neither I know what I am going to be in the next life. But there is. I was in the past, I am in the present, and I shall remain in the future. That is my position.

In the Second Chapter, it is said by Krsna, "My dear Arjuna, both you and Me and all these kings and soldiers who are assembled here, do not think that they did not exist in the past, or they will cease to exist in the future. They existed in the past as individuals, and they are existing at present as individuals, and they will exist in the future also as individuals." This is clearly stated in the Bhagavad-gita in the Second Chapter. The difference between God and living entity is this, that God knows past, present, future, and I or you do not know past, present and future. That is the difference.

Tany aham veda sarvani. Sarvani. There were millions and millions of births and appearances and disappearances in past. Because time is unlimited, nitya. There is no... The past, present, future, this is due to this body. Just like a small ant, it's calculation of past, present, and future, and my calculation of past, present, and future are different. Because he has got a different body, I have got a different body, the atom has got a different body. So it is according to the body, past, present, and future. But there is a life where there is no existence of this material body of past, present, and future. Therefore in the eternal world means there is no past, present and future. Because there is no, not this material body. This is the difference between past, present, and future. Therefore it is called nitya. Nitya means eternal, where there is no influence of this time. Here the influence of time is there. Therefore we experience past, present, and future.

Now from this verse, Krsna says that tany aham veda sarvani. That means "For Me, there is no past and present and future." That means His body is different from Arjuna's. Because He knows... Why I forget? Because I have got this material body. And Krsna does not forget, therefore He has no material body. It is natural conclusion. Because past, present, and future is due to this material body. Otherwise, there is no... Just like for the sun. These are all scientific truth. You know when from Russia the first sputnik was started, in one hour they circumambulated twenty-five times the whole world. In one hour and twenty-five minutes. Now the circumambulating the whole world means so many twenty-five day and night. That twenty-five day and night was finished in one hour. And it is scientific truth. Professor Einstein has established that in the higher planetary system the timing system is different.

So when there is no these material impediments, naturally the life is eternal, the knowledge is eternal, the bliss is eternal. As soon as we are free from this material body, then these questions of past, present, future, pleasure, not pleasure, knowledge, no knowledge, these dualities, this world of duality will finish. The impersonalists, the Mayavadi philosophers, they think that because the past, present, and future, and this duality is finished, therefore there is no variegatedness. They cannot understand. They cannot accommodate in their tiny brain that this is possible.

Just like Krsna. Krsna, now it is established that He hasn't got this material body. It will be confirmed in the Tenth Chapter also: avajananti mam mudha manusim tanum asritam [Bg. 9.11]. Rascals... Mudha means rascals. Most ignorant, he is called mudha, or an ass. So this word is used there, mudha. Mudha means rascals. "Rascals, they decry upon Me, Krsna, because I am here just like an ordinary man. Manusim tanum asritam. Because I have appeared here as an ordinary man, as Krsna, as Arjuna's friend or the son of Devaki and Vasudeva, or the descendant in the Yadu dynasty, so many things. Avajananti. They are decrying Me, neglecting." Why? Param bhavam ajanantah. "They do not know the real constitutional position of Me." Param bhavam. Param bhavam means "the supreme truth about Me." That supreme truth is partially explained here, that tany aham veda sarvani. "I know past, present, and future, but you do not." This is param bhavam.

This is the difference between Krsna and Arjuna. They are on the same level, on the same chariot, they are friends. Not only on that particular moment of fighting, battlefield, but they are friends from the beginning. Just like friend and friend, they stick together, they eat together, they lie together, they talk together, they quarrel together. This are friendly. So Krsna and Arjuna was in friendly terms and almost of equal age, very intimate friends, as it has been explained in the previous verse, bhakto 'si sakha ceti. "You are My friend and devotee." So in spite of their living together, there is difference. Now here the difference is disclosed. Tany aham veda sarvani. Although he is living together, the difference is clear because constitutional position.

I'll give you another very small example. Just like a king is sitting on the throne and there is a bug. The bug and the king, they are on the same throne, but the bug and the king, much difference. Sitting on the same throne does not mean that they have become equal. Why? Due to the constitutional position. The bug's constitutional position is to bite only, and the king's position is to rule. Although they are on the same level, the difference is great gulf of difference. Similarly, God and the living entity may sit down together, may talk together, they lie together, eat together, but that difference will be there.

Just like, isvarah sarva-bhutanam hrd-dese 'rjuna tisthati [Bg. 18.61]. Krsna says, "My dear Arjuna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Paramatma, is situated in everyone's heart." That means Krsna, or God, is situated in your heart, in my heart, in cat's heart, in dog's heart, in everyone's, in ant's heart. There is heart in everyone, and there is Krsna. Isvarah sarva-bhutanam hrd-dese [Bg. 18.61]. Now hrd-dese means "in the heart." So sarva-bhutanam hrd-dese, so that means beginning from the small microbe up to the Brahma, all the living entities, they have got heart.

Sometimes we find a small full-stop-like creature moving on the page of the, on a leaf of the book. You cannot see it, but it is moving. That small creature also has got heart. But is there any scientist to find out how he is moving, how he has got leg, how he has got hands, how he has got...? Any anatomy, is there any anatomy or physiological science to test? Here is our Dr. Mukerjee, sitting. "Can you find out the heart in that small particle-like animal?" It is not possible. But there is. But there is; otherwise, how Krsna says sarva-bhutanam, all living entities? So our so-called scientific advancement always remains indefinitely imperfect because it is not possible to understand the whole thing as it is. But we can understand from Bhagavad-gita that there is heart. Now if you go to the laboratory to find out where is the heart of the small creatures, you have no capacity, neither you have instruments. No. Therefore your knowledge will always be imperfect because this process of acquiring knowledge is always imperfect. But this knowledge, as we hear from Bhagavad-gita that there is heart in every living entity, this is perfect.

Therefore there are two kinds of processes to receive knowledge. The Vedic process says, avaroha-pantha, descending process. And the material process is aroha-pantha, ascending process, research. This is aroha-pantha, find out whether this, what is this, what is this, neti, neti, neti, neti, analysis, dissection, and so many. This is called aroha-pantha. Trying to ascend by dint of one's material knowledge. Then spiritual knowledge, you cannot have perfect knowledge... Why spiritual knowledge? Even material knowledge. Now there are so many attempts to go to the moon planet. They are trying to go there by so many ascending processes, sputnik, airplanes, and so many things. Still, we do not know what is this planet.

But you read Bhagavad-gita or Srimad-Bhagavatam, you understand immediately what is this moon planet. It is said in the Bhagavad-gita naksatranam aham sasi. Sasi means this moon planet. You immediately understand that this moon planet is one of the stars. Just like the constitutional position of other stars, you understand the moon is like that. And they are searching after whether in the moon planet there is life or not, there is living condition or not. But you open Srimad-Bhagavatam, you'll find the description of the moon planet, how they are living, what is the constitution of the living creatures there. The soma-rasa, you have heard this word. The soma-rasa is beverage in the moon planet. So everything is there. And who can go there, and how one can go there. So this is perfect knowledge, to hear from the authorities. Otherwise...

So even for material things we have to hear from authority. Just like this moon planet or sun planet or any planet, you can understand. The Brahmaloka also. Brahmaloka, that is also described in the Bhagavad... Brahmaloka means the topmost planet within this universe. You'll find in this Bhagavad-gita that sahasra-yuga-paryantam ahar yad brahmano viduh [Bg. 8.17]. Brahmano viduh. Abrahma-bhuvanal lokah punar avartino 'rjuna [Bg. 8.16]. Yad gatva na nivartante tad dhama paramam mama [Bg. 15.6]. These things are there. You can understand simply by hearing. The whole process is hearing. You don't require any education, you don't require any scientific qualification, this or that. Simply if you kindly come here and hear this Bhagavad-gita and Srimad-Bhagavatam, you become completely learned and completely self-realized. Simply. Sthane sthitah. Caitanya Mahaprabhu recommended this process.

We are trying to open so many branches just to give facility to the poor people who do not know what is the end of life, what is the objective of human life, how one can become perfect. These knowledges, these informations are there. We are trying to distribute. It is not dogmatic, it is all scientific.

Now there are so many things that it is not possible even to understand by the modern process of scientific experimental knowledge. It is not possible. And what to speak of about God? You cannot know even material objects by your so-called scientific study and research. You simply... You can know little more, that's all. Not complete. So Vedanta-sutra advises therefore, acintyah khalu ye bhava na tams tarkena yojayet. Things which are beyond your imagination, beyond your reach, beyond your thoughts, beyond your words, beyond your sense perception, how you can understand them by your experimental so-called scientific research? Acintya. Acintya means inconceivable. Inconceivable. Now we cannot conceive even these material things.

Just like in the Bhagavad-gita it is said that sahasra-yuga-paryantam ahar yad brahmano viduh [Bg. 8.17]. Brahmanah means of Brahma and the living creatures there in the Brahmaloka, the highest, topmost planet. So in that planet the people or the living entities who are living there, their duration of life is like this. What is that? Sahasra-yuga-paryantam. Now yuga means these four yugas, Satya-yuga, Treta-yuga, Dvapara-yuga, and Kali-yuga. So these four yugas... Satya-yuga means eighteen lakhs of years. Eighteen hundred thousands of years. And Treta-yuga means twelve hundred thousands of years. And Dvapara-yuga means eight hundred thousands of years. And Kali-yuga means four hundred thousands of years. This is the rough calculation. Eighteen, then twelve, then eight, plus four. How many years? Eighteen plus twelve becomes thirty, and thirty plus eight, thirty-eight, and four. That means forty-three-hundred thousands of years makes one yuga, divya-yuga. So such one thousand. Sahasra-yuga-paryantam [Bg. 8.17]. That means forty-three hundred thousands of years multiplied by one thousand, ahar yat. That calculation is one day of the inhabitants of the Brahmaloka.

So we cannot imagine, you see, that how long year. Such hundred years they live. That is their twelve hours. Similarly, twelve hours night. Similarly, thirty days, one month. Similarly, twelve months equal to one year. Such hundred years they live. So we cannot imagine even, even in the material world, how long a living entity can live even in this material world. So these are acintya. Acintya means beyond our conception.

And what to speak of the spiritual world? We cannot calculate even anything of the material world perfectly.

Therefore the best thing is our process, Vedic process, is to receive knowledge by the descending process. Krsna has come from His kingdom, kingdom of God, the Krsnaloka. And it will be explained in the next verses,

In the material world also. Now some students, they come here to learn scientific knowledge because it is understood Western countries, they're advanced in scientific knowledge. So why they come? Because they think that Western scientists are authorities. The process is there, to receive knowledge from authority. Similarly, some serious students, they go to India, they try to search out some saintly persons to receive knowledge about the spiritual world.

Actually, it is a fact that if you want to know about spiritual knowledge then you have to know it from India. That is recommended by one Chinese gentleman, I forget his name. His book is recommended as study book in the New York University. He has plainly written that if you have to understand the science of religion then you have to go to India. He has clearly said that.

So anyway, here Krsna is imparting knowledge to Arjuna. The condition of the living entity, both Himself and the ordinary living entity. God and living entity, individual living entity. God is also individual. He is also living entity. He's not dead. Just like in your country, they have, some of them, they have taken it granted that God is dead. Is it not? Somebody says that God is dead. So God cannot be dead. If I am not dead, if I am eternal, how God can be dead? He is also eternal. So these things are very nicely explained.

Tany aham veda. Krsna says that "I know My past, present, and future, and you do not know your past, present and future." That is the difference. "And because I know My past, present, and future, therefore I can say that so many, so many millions and billions of years ago, I spoke this truth of Bhagavad-gita to the sun-god Vivasvan." So after He remembered, that because Krsna says that, "Millions and billions of years ago I told this truth to sun-god," Krsna, just to clear, Arjuna, just to clear Krsna's position, he is putting this question, that "Krsna, both You and me, we were born some few years ago. How I can believe that You told this truth to sun-god?" In answer to that question, Krsna says that bahuni me vyatitani janmani tava carjuna. "Both you and Me had many, many births, or appearance and disappearance, in the past. I remember all those things as it is, without any mistake. But you do not know." Eka evaham eko 'pi san bahudha yo 'vabhati ity adi sruty-uktani nitya-siddhani bahuni rupani vaiduryavad-atmani dadhanah pura rupantarena tam pratyupadistavan iti bhavenaha bhagavan.(?)

Now we should not consider that because the difference between God and the living entities, that our different appearance and disappearance is different. Just like in this life I may be an Indian, you may be an American. But next life, we do not know what body we are going to get next life. Because in the material existence the body and the soul is different. But in the spiritual existence... Just like Krsna. Krsna's body and Krsna is nondifferent because it is completely spiritual. Our body, in the present condition... When we are free from this material condition, we also get. That is explained in the Bhagavad... mad-bhava upaja(?). Mad-bhava means "exactly like My body." When one is liberated from material conditions, then he also gets exactly the same sac-cid-ananda-vigrahah [Bs. 5.1].

In the Bhagavata you'll find that when Ajamila was claimed by the Visnudutas, when they came from Vaikuntha, they were exactly like Visnu. They had four hands, the same features, same color, and same ornaments, and same dress. So those who are promoted to Vaikuntha, they get four hands like Narayana. But in the Krsnaloka, Krsna is two-handed. So even in this material world there is one personality, Brahma, he has got four hands. So we can get also the same body, the same features, the same opulence. Salokya, sarsti, samipya, salokya, there are different kinds of liberation. Or sayujya. [break]

...he is saying that Krsna has no change of body. He is giving the example just like a diamond or a valuable stone, you'll find a different colors. Sometimes you'll find red, sometimes you'll find green, sometimes you'll find some other color, the same stone. Similarly, Krsna when appears, that is explained in the Bhagavatam, He appears in different colors. Sometimes in blackish color, sometimes in reddish color. These are explained in the Srimad-Bhagavatam. And in this age Krsna appears in the yellow color, Lord Caitanya. That is explained in the Srimad-Bhagavatam.

So Krsna's appearance does not mean that He has become different. The nice example is set here by Baladeva Vidyabhusana, just like a valuable stone. You take your hand, in your hand, you find sometimes yellow, sometimes red, sometimes white, like that. So, tava ceti mat-sakhatvat tavanti janmani tavapi abhut.(?) "And because you are My eternal friend, so whenever I appear, you also appear." Just like, those who are personal associates, whenever the chief boss goes, his personal assistants also go. That is natural.

Similarly, when Krsna comes, just like when a king goes somewhere, it does not mean he is going alone. He goes with all his paraphernalia, secretaries, minister, and commander-in-chief, and so many others. Similarly, whenever Krsna comes, He does not come... Just like in the Srimad-Bhagavatam it is said, aham eva asam agre. "I was in the beginning." The impersonalists interpret that "I was, personally," but that is not the fact. Narayana, as soon as Narayana was means Narayana was there with... Not was there, Narayana is there always with His all paraphernalia. And that is explained in the Srimad-Bhagavatam, dhamna svena nirasta-kuhakam sada param satyam dhimahi. Dhamna svena nirasta-kuhakam. The kingdom of God is freed from illusion. This world, this material world, is full of illusion. But dhamna svena nirasta-kuhakam. So God's kingdom, or Krsna's kingdom, is spiritual. Everything will be explained one after another.

So Krsna says "Because you are My constant companion, therefore, along with Me, you are there, but you also, you forget. That is the difference." we'll explain next night. Is there any question?

It is also our appreciation. Just like Krsna is everywhere. Here, of course, in the temple or anywhere, Krsna is there, but we have no appreciation. Similarly, Krsna is very kind to appear in this age as holy name so that we can very easily approach Krsna simply by chanting. But we have got many misgivings. Otherwise, so many people there are, they inquire "What is God?" And if you say, "Here is God," they won't believe you. It is their appreciation. But God is there in His name, Krsna. So one has to prepare the receptive process. Otherwise, God is here. Premanjana-cchurita-bhakti-vilocanena. Tat-paratvena nirmalam [Bs. 5.38]. Anyabhilasita-sunyam [Bhakti-rasamrta-sindhu 1.1.11]. Sarvopadhi-vinirmuktam tat-paratvena nirmalam [Cc. Madhya 19.170]. Now I want to see Krsna, but I want to keep my identity as member of this family or member of this nation or father of this child or husband of this wife. So I keep myself in this material condition, and I want to see God. That is offense. So we have to first of all become clear of all designation.

Just like Maha-Visnu. Maha-Visnu is expansion of the expansion. The direct expansion is Baladeva. The next expansion is Sankarsana. The next expansion is the catur-vyuha. In this way, Visnu, Maha-Visnu, is expansion of the expansion, kala. Yasyaika-nisvasita-kalam athavalambya jivanti loma-vilaja jagad-anda-nathah [Bs. 5.48]. Yasya kala-visesah. Kala means expansion of the expansion. That Maha-Visnu is kala of Krsna. Govindam adi-purusam tam aham bhajami **.

So not necessarily all appearances of Krsna is direct or He, Himself. There are expansions and expansion of the expansion. That is clearly explained. Ete ca amsa-kalah. Some of them are direct, some of them are indirect. But this word Krsna is, krsnas tu, He is but the Supreme Person. Bhagavan svayam, the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

That is the philosophy. One and different simultaneously. Acintya-bhedabheda. Caitanya Mahaprabhu's philosophy is inconceivable simultaneously one and different. Energy. This will be explained in the Seventh Chapter of Bhagavad-gita. The energies and the energetic is the same. Sakti-saktimator abheda. Just like sun and the sunshine, they are the same. There is no difference. But the molecules of the sunshine particles, that is not equal to the sun. These truths we shall always remember. Acintyah khalu ye bhavah. Therefore these are inconceivable. We are simultaneously one with Krsna and Radha, and at the same time different. [break]