SB 1.16.12
TEXT 12
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TEXT
भद्राश्वं केतुमालं च भारतं चोत्तरान्कुरून् ।
किम्पुरुषादीनि वर्षाणि विजित्य जगृहे बलिम् ॥ १२ ॥ bhadrasvam ketumalam ca
bharatam cottaran kurun
kimpurusadini varsani
vijitya jagrhe balim
bhadrasvam-Bhadrasva; ketumalam-Ketumala; ca-also; bharatam-Bharata; ca-and; uttaran-the northern countries; kurun-the kingdom of the Kuru dynasty; kimpurusa-adini-a country beyond the northern side of the Himalayas; varsani-parts of the earth planet; vijitya-conquering; jagrhe-exacted; balim-strength.
TRANSLATION
Maharaja Pariksit then conquered all parts of the earthly planet-Bhadrasva, Ketumala, Bharata, the Northern portion of Kurujaṅgala, Kimpurusa, etc.-and exacted tributes from their respective rulers.
Bhadrasva: It is an island near Meru Parvata. There is a description of this island in the Mahabharata (Bhisma Parva 7/16-18). The description was narrated by Sanjaya to Dhrtarastra.
Maharaja Yudhisthira also conquered this island, and thus the province was included within the jurisdiction of his empire. Maharaja Pariksit was formerly declared to be the emperor of all lands ruled by his grandfather, but still he had to establish his supremacy while he was out of his capital to exact tribute from such states.
Ketumala: This earth planet is divided into seven parts, and according to others it is divided into nine parts. This earth is called Jambudvipa, and is divided into nine varsas. Bharatavarsa is one of the above-mentioned nine varsas. Such varsas are known as continents in the modern geographical context. Ketumala is described as one of the above varsas. It is said that in this varsa, women are the most beautiful. This varsa was conquered by Arjuna also. A description of this part of the world is available in the Mahabharata (Sabha 28.6).
It is said that this part of the world is situated on the western side of the Meru Parvata, and inhabitants of this province used to live up to ten thousands of years (Bhisma Parva 6.16.31-32). Human beings living in this part of the globe are of golden color, and the women resemble the angels of heaven. The inhabitants are free from all kinds of diseases and griefs.
Bharatavarsa: This part of the world is also one of the nine varsas of the Jambudvipa or earthly planet. Each planet is also sometimes called a dvipa because of its being an island in the fathomless outer space. Each planet is factually an island in the airy ocean of outer space. Jambudvipa is only one of such countless islands in this airy ocean of space. A description of Bharatavarsa is given in the Mahabharata (Bhisma Parva, Chapters 9 to 10).
Uttaran: According to Sridhara Svami these parts of the world are called Ilavrtavarsa, or the Mediterranean countries of Europe. The description of the Ilavrtavarsa is given in the Mahabharata (Sabha 28.6-7) as follows:
nagaras ca vanam ca va nadis ca vimalodakah
purusan deva-kalpams ca priya-darsanah adrsta-purvan subhagan sa dadarsa dhananjayah sadanam ca subhrani naris ca apsarasam-nibha It is twice mentioned here that the women are beautiful, and some of them are equal to the apsaras or heavenly women. Therefore the countries mentioned are round about the Mediterranean coast.
Kimpurusavarsa: It is stated to be situated beyond the northern side of Darjelling Dhavala Giri and probably may be a country like Nepal, Bhutan, Tibet and China. These parts of the world were also conquered by Arjuna (Sabha 28/1-2). The Kimpurusas are descendants of the daughter of Daksa. When Maharaja Yudhisthira performed a horse sacrifice yajna, the inhabitants of these countries were also present to take part in the festival, and they paid tributes to the emperor. This part of the world is called Kimpurusavarsa, or sometimes the Himalayan provinces (Himavati). It is said that Sukadeva Gosvami was born in these Himalayan provinces, and he came to Bharatavarsa after crossing the Himalayan countries.
In other words, Maharaja Pariksit conquered all the world, namely all the continents adjoining all the seas and oceans in all directions, namely the eastern, western, northern and southern parts of the world.
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