Because Bhagavad-gita was spoken... The narration which we are reading, it is the description of Sanjaya as secretary of Maharaja Dhrtarastra. Just like running from a radio. The play is going on in the auditorium, but you can hear from the room. Just like we have got now mechanical arrangement, similarly, at that time, maybe the same arrangement, but there was no machine. Still, the secretary of Dhrtarastra could see what was going on in the battlefield, and he was just narrating to Maharaja Dhrtarastra, who was blind. In other sense it may be said that there was television, and Dhrtarastra, being blind, he could not see, and Sanjaya, his secretary, was explaining what was seen in the television. But this is the position. Anyway, so the conclusion made by Sanjaya was this, yatra yogesvarah harih. Hari means the Supreme Personality of Godhead. The side in which the Yogesvara, Krsna... My point is that Krsna's name is Yogesvara. Nobody can be better yogi than... Or the master of yoga. There are different systems of yoga, and Krsna is the master of yoga. And Lord Siva is called Yogisvara.

There are many different kinds of yogis. Yoga means the system, and the yogi means the person who practices the system. So the object of yoga, ultimate goal of yoga, is to understand Krsna. Therefore Krsna consciousness means to practice the topmost type of yoga system. So this yoga system is being described by Krsna Himself. Why? Because He was teaching His most intimate friend, Arjuna. (Sanskrit commentary) Vyakhyata-laksane svopasye mayy asakta-mati-matra nitaram mano yasya sah. Now in the beginning, the Lord says that "This system of yoga can be practiced by persons who have developed attachment for Me." This attachment I have described for the last three, four days, in a different way. So this yoga system cannot be practiced by an ordinary man who has no attachment for Krsna. This is a different system. And the topmost. (Sanskrit commentary) Tvam anyo va tadrso mad-asrayo mad-dasya-sakhyady-ekatamena bhavena.

There are five kinds of direct asakti. Asakti means attachment. And there are seven kinds of indirect attachment. Indirect attachment is not bhakti, but direct attachment is called bhakti. If you are attached to Krsna by the direct method, it is called devotional service. And if you are attached to Krsna by indirect method, then it is not devotional service. But that is also attachment. Just like Kamsa. Kamsa was the maternal uncle of Krsna, and there was a foretelling that Kamsa would be killed by his sister's son, eighth son of his sister. So Kamsa became very anxious and he wanted to kill his younger sister, Devaki, Krsna's mother. So she was saved by her husband, Krsna's father, Vasudeva, by some compromise. The last compromise was... That's a great long story. The last compromise was that he informed his brother-in-law Kamsa that "You are afraid of the son of your sister. So your sister is not going to kill you. So I request, don't kill your sister. Save her. And I promise that all the sons born of your sister will be brought to you, and if you like, you can kill." The compromise was made by Vasudeva. He was also a king.

So politically, that "For the time being this poor girl may be saved, and it may be that time will change the mind of Kamsa. When her sons will be born he might change his mind." But he was such a great demon that he killed all the sons of Devaki. So the eighth son... It was foretold that the eighth son of his sister would kill him. So when Krsna was in the womb of his mother, Kamsa was always thinking of Krsna. Now you see, he was also Krsna conscious, but he was Krsna conscious not directly, not for love's sake, but as an enemy. He was Krsna conscious as enemy. So that is not devotional service. One who is Krsna conscious and Krsna's friend, Krsna's parent, Krsna's servant, Krsna's lover, that is devotion.

So here it is clearly said, mayy...mad-asrayah. Mad-asrayah means he..., one who wants Krsna. You may want Krsna as your lover. You may want Krsna as your son. You may want Krsna as your friend. You may want Krsna as your master. You may want Krsna as the supreme sublime. These five different kinds of direct relationship with Krsna is called devotion, bhakti. Without any material profit. Now the concept of accepting God as son is superior than the concept of accepting God as father. There is distinction. The relationship between father and son is that the son wants to take something from the father. But the father's relationship with the son is that father always wants to give something to the son. Therefore the relationship with God or Krsna as father is better than relationship with Krsna...

Just like if I accept God as my father, then I am the son. Then my business will be to ask only for my necessities from the father. That is my business. But if I become father of Krsna, then from the beginning of His childhood, my business will be to serve Krsna. The father, the parents, they serve the child from the beginning of his birth. Therefore this concept of Nanda-Yasoda or Devaki and Vasudeva is very sublime. They... Krsna... Yasoda, mother, she is thinking that "If I do not feed Krsna sumptuously, He will die." She is thinking that Krsna... She forgets that Krsna, the Supreme Lord, is subsisting the three world, everywhere. Nityo nityanam cetanas cetananam eko bahunam vidadhati kaman (Katha Upanisad 2.2.13). That only one God is supplying the necessities of all other living entities. Now this, that same, very same Personality of Godhead has become the son of Yasoda, and she is thinking that "If I do not feed Krsna nicely, He will die." This is love. This is love. She has forgotten that the Supreme Personality of Godhead has taken, has appeared before him (her) as his (her) little child, as her little child. But she forgets.

So this relationship of asakti, of attachment, is very sublime. It is very sublime. It requires time to understand, but there is such position, that instead of asking God, "O God, give me our daily bread, give us our daily bread," you can think that that God will die if you do not supply Him bread. God will die if you do not supply. And this is the ecstasy of extreme love. So there is such relationship with Krsna and His devotees. Radharani, the greatest devotee, the greatest lover of Krsna. [break] Nanda-Yasoda, the lover as parent. Sudama, a friend, lover as friend. Arjuna, lover as friend. Similarly, there are millions and trillions of different kinds of devotees of Krsna. They are directly playing.

So this yoga system, as described herein, bhakti-yoga, it can be practiced by such persons who have developed such attachment for Krsna. Others cannot. And if anyone is able to develop such attachment, then the result will be that he will understand God, or Krsna, perfectly. However we may try to understand what is God by our different theories or speculation, it is a very difficult job to understand what is God. We may say that I have..., we have understood what is God, but it is not possible to understand God as He is, because we have got our limited senses and He is unlimited. How you can capture the Unlimited with your limited sense? But it is possible.

It is said in the Srimad-Bhagavatam, atah sri-krsna-namadi na bhaved grahyam indriyaih [Cc. Madhya 17.136]. Our senses are imperfect always. Even we cannot understand perfectly the material world. Just like we have seen so many planets and stars in the sky at night, but we do not know what they are. We do not know even what is this moon planet. We are trying for so many years, trying to go there in sputnik and... Even one planet. Even we do not know what varieties are there even in this planet. If you go on the sea, if you go on the sky, you are perfectly illusioned. So our knowledge is always imperfect. That we must admit. Foolishly, if we think we have acquired all sorts of knowledge, we have advanced in science, this is another foolishness. It is not possible. So when it is not possible to understand even the material things which we are daily seeing with our eyes and perception, what to speak of spiritual? And the Krsna, or the Supreme Personality of Godhead, He is the Supreme spiritual form. So it is not possible for us to understand Krsna by our limited senses. Then why we are bothering so much for Krsna consciousness if it is not possible?

The answer is atah sri-krsna-namadi na bhaved grahyam indriyaih [Cc. Madhya 17.136]. These imperfect senses cannot realize Krsna as He is. Then the process is sevonmukhe hi jihvadau. If you become submissive, if you develop the spirit of service to Krsna, either as servant or as friend or as parent or as lover, if you begin to give service to the Supreme Lord... The beginning of service is chanting. Therefore it is said, jihvadau. Jihvadau means, jihva means tongue. Tongue. Your service begins by the tongue. How? By the tongue you can chant Hare Krsna, and by the tongue you can taste Krsna's prasadam. So the beginning process is very nice. You chant Krsna, Hare Krsna, Hare Krsna, and whatever little prasadam is offered to you by Krsna by His kindness, you accept it. Then the result will be that sevonmukhe hi jihvadau. If you become submissive and if you begin this service, chanting and eating prasadam, then svayam eva sphuraty adah, simply by these two kinds of practices, Krsna will Himself reveal Himself before you, "I am like this." You cannot understand Krsna by speculation. No, that is not possible, because your senses are imperfect. But if you begin this process of service, then it will be possible that one day Krsna will reveal to you, "I am like this."

Just like Krsna is revealing in the Bhagavad-gita to Arjuna. Arjuna is a devotee, and he is submissive. And he is friend also. He is in contact with Krsna as friend. Therefore Krsna is revealing to Krsna..., ah, to Arjuna. This Bhagavad-gita is spoken to Arjuna, not to any Vedantist or speculationist. In the beginning of the Fourth Chapter, you know that Krsna says that "I'll speak to you that old system of yoga, bhakti-yoga," in the beginning of the Fourth Chapter, "unto you." Why? Krsna was not a Vedantist... Ah, Arjuna was not a Vedantist or a great philosopher or a brahmana or nothing. He was a ksatriya. He was a fighter, and a householder, not even a sannyasi. So these are not qualifications to understand Krsna. Suppose... Just like I have become a sannyasi, mendicant. This is not qualification that I can understand Krsna. Even in your white dress, as grhastha, you can understand better than me. Then what is the qualification? This qualification: sevonmukhe hi jihvadau [Brs. 1.2.234]. One who has developed the service spirit with love and devotion, he can understand Krsna. Nobody else. Nobody... Not Dr. Radhakrishnan or similar person. No. But a child can understand Krsna if he has full faith in Him.

So it is the faith and devotion that makes one qualified to understand God. Mad-asrayah. This is called mad-asrayah. Now by simply that faith and service, you'll understand that Krsna is the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Now just like we are preaching Krsna consciousness. We are not wasting your time or our time without having full faith that Krsna is the Supreme Personality of Godhead, theoretically or practically. Theoretically, if you take that "How Krsna is the Supreme Personality of Godhead?" theoretically, from the revealed scriptures, we understand from the Vedic literature that great authorities in the past and in the present...

Take for the present Lord Caitanya. Lord Caitanya is a great authority, a recognized, great authority. Oh, He is mad after Krsna. He is mad after Krsna. Then after Him, His six disciples, Gosvamis, the Rupa Gosvami, Sanatana Gosvami, they have written immense literature, valuable literaturesespecially Jiva Gosvamivolumes of literature on Krsna. So... Then, under disciplic succession also, we have come to this point, and if you take past history, bygone, long, long ago, Vyasadeva, who is known as Vedavyasa, he has written book, Srimad-Bhagavatam, on Krsna. Srimad-Bhagavatam is nothing but description of Krsna. Vyasadeva is also writer of Bhagavad-gita. The Bhagavad-gita was spoken by Krsna and noted down by Vyasadeva. And he has put this Bhagavad-gita in the Mahabharata. So Vyasadeva accepts Krsna as the Supreme Personality. He has, in the Bhagavatam, he has specifically mentioned, krsnas tu bhagavan svayam. He has given description of different other incarnations of God. There are about twenty-five incarnations. In the conclusion he said that ete camsa-kalah pumsah krsnas tu bhagavan svayam [SB 1.3.28], that "All the descriptions that are given of different incarnations, they are partially or part of the partial representation of God, but this Krsna whom I have mentioned, He is the Supreme Personality of Godhead Himself." He is not part. Cent percent. Cent percent God.

So there is evidence of authority. And practically, if we believe the sastras, the scriptures, authorities, then see who can be more powerful than Krsna, who can be more beautiful than Krsna, who can be more famous than Krsna? Just like Krsna appeared five thousand years before, but His knowledge, which He gave us in the shape of Srimad Bhagavad-gita, still it is worshiped. It is worshiped not only by the Hindus or the Indians, but this Bhagavad-gita is read all over the world. In your country there are at least fifty kinds of different editions of Srimad-Bhagavatam (Bhagavad-gita) written by different American thoughtful men. Similarly you'll find in England, in Germany, in France, in, I mean to say, all other countries you'll find hundreds of editions of Bhagavad-gita. Just see who can be more famous and who can be more wise than Krsna? There are many other evidences if we believe sastra. That Krsna married 16,108 wives, and He provided each one of them with big palaces and each one of them had ten children, and from ten children there were many other children also.

So these are the evidences from revealed scripture. And in the Brahma-samhita also, Krsna is accepted as the Supreme Personality of Godhead. This is a very old book, supposed to be written by Brahma. It is called Brahma-samhita. In that Brahma-samhita it is said that isvarah paramah krsnah [Bs. 5.1]. Isvarah means God. There are many gods, but... In Sanskrit language, about God, there are many demigods, and there is Supreme God. So this Brahma-samhita says, isvarah paramah krsnah, "Krsna is the Supreme God. He is the God of gods." Isvarah paramah krsnah sac-cid-ananda-vigrahah [Bs. 5.1]. "And His body is eternal, and full of bliss and knowledge." This is the description of the body. Isvarah paramah krsnah sac-cid-ananda-vigrahah [Bs. 5.1]. Anadi, "He has no beginning, but He is the beginning of everyone." Anadir adir govindah. "And His name is Govinda." Go means senses, and go means cow, and go means land. So He is the proprietor of all land, He is the proprietor of all cows, and He is the, I mean to say, pleasure for all senses. We are after sense pleasure, but our perfection of sense pleasure can be achieved when we reciprocate our pleasure with Krsna. Therefore His name is Govinda. Govindam adi-purusam tam aham bhajami **. Govinda is the Supreme original Personality of Godhead.

So the same Personality of Godhead, He is speaking to Arjuna personally about Himself. Then how you can say that somebody, simply by speculation, speaks something about God which is more important than what is being spoken by Krsna Himself? It is not possible. Nobody can speak better than Krsna about God, because God Himself is speaking about Himself. If you speak about yourself personally, who can speak more than you? So if we have faith, if we believe theoretically and practically Krsna as the Supreme Personality of Godhead, then by the speeches which is being delivered by Krsna in this chapter, you can understand God. There is no difficulty.

(Sanskrit commentary) Mat-paratam yanis cayavanityarthah, samagram sadhisthanam savibhutim saparikaram. And if you believe Krsna, then the result will be that you can understand God, how He is working, how His energies are acting, how He is manifested, what is this material world, what is the spiritual world, what are these living creatures, what is their relationship. So many things in God's creation. The whole Vedic literature are dealing in three things. First thing is that what is your relationship with God. Then the next step is that as soon as we understand our relationship with God, then we can act in that way. Just like a man and woman, they are not known to each other. But as soon as the relationship is established, that one is husband and the other is wife, then the reciprocal dealing begins. So unless you understand what is your relationship with God... Generally, people believe that God is the father. Therefore son's business is to ask from father whatever we need. But that is very minor relationship. If you understand God perfectly well... And there is intricate relationship also. That relationship will be revealed when you are perfectly liberated. Each and every living creature has got a particular relationship with God. We have forgotten that. So when that relationship will be revealed in the process of devotional activities, Krsna consciousness, you should know that is the perfection of your life. That is the perfection of our life.

So Krsna consciousness is a great science. It is not a sentiment or mental speculation or bluff. It is based on scientific proposition, as described in the Bhagavad-gita, as described in the Vedas, as described in the Samhitas, as accepted by the authorities like Lord Caitanya, Ramanujacarya, Madhvacarya, Narada, Asita, Vyasa. There are so many authorities. So Krsna consciousness is not an ordinary bluff-making or a money-making business. It is something reality. And if you take to it seriously, your life will be successful.

Thank you very much. Any questions?