SB 2.10.46
TEXT 46
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TEXT
अयं तु ब्रह्मणः कल्पः सविकल्प उदाहृतः ।
विधिः साधारणो यत्र सर्गाः प्राकृतवैकृताः ॥ ४६ ॥ ayam tu brahmanah kalpah
sa-vikalpa udahrtah
vidhih sadharano yatra
sargah prakrta-vaikrtah
ayam-this process of creation and annihilation; tu-but; brahmanah-of Brahma; kalpah-his one day; sa-vikalpah-along with the duration of the universes; udahrtah-exemplified; vidhih-regulative principles; sadharanah-in summary; yatra-wherein; sargah-creation; prakrta-in the matter of material nature; vaikrtah-disbursement.
TRANSLATION
This process of creation and annihilation described herein is in summary the regulative principle during the duration of Brahma's one day, as well as the creation of mahat in which the material nature is dispersed.
PURPORT
There are three different types of creation, called mahakalpa, vikalpa and kalpa. In the mahakalpa the Lord assumes the first incarnation of Purusa as Karanodakasayi Visnu with all the potencies of mahat-tattva and the sixteen principles of creative matter and instruments. The creative instruments are eleven, and the ingredients are five, and all of them are products of mahat or materialistic ego, and these creations by the Lord in His feature of Karanodakasayi Visnu are called mahakalpa. Creation of Brahma and dispersion of the material ingredients are called vikalpa, and creation by Brahma in each day of his life is called kalpa. Therefore each day of Brahma is called a kalpa, and there are thirty kalpas in terms of Brahma's days, which is also confirmed in the Bhagavad-gita as follows:
sahasra-yuga-paryantam ahar yad brahmano viduh
ratim yuga-sahasrantam te 'horatravido janah (Bg. 8.17) In the upper planetary system the duration of one complete day and night is equal to one complete year of this earth. This is accepted even by the modern scientist and testified by the astronauts. Similarly, in the region of still higher planetary systems, the duration of day and night is still greater than in the heavenly planets. The four yugas are calculated in terms of the heavenly calendars and accordingly are twelve thousand years in terms of the heavenly planets. This is called divya-yuga, and one thousand divya-yugas make one day of Brahma. Creation during the day of Brahma is called kalpa, and creation of Brahma is called vikalpa, and when vikalpas are made possible by the breathing of Maha-Visnu they are called mahakalpa. There are regular and systematic cycles of these mahakalpas, vikalpas and kalpas, and in answer to Maharaja Pariksit's question about them, Sukadeva Gosvami answered in the Prabhasa-khanda of the Skanda Purana, and they are as follows:
prathamah svetakalpas tu dvitiyo nilalohitah
vamadevas trtiyas tu tato gathantaroparah rauravah pancamah proktah sasthah prana iti smrtah
saptamo 'tha brhatkalpah kandarpo 'stamah ucyate savyotha navamah prokta isano dasamah smrtah
dhyana ekadasah proktas tatha sarasvato 'parah trayodasa udanas tu garudo 'tha caturdasah
kaurmah pancadaso jneyah paurnamasi prajapateh sodaso narasimhas tu samadhis tu tato 'parah
agneyo visnujah saurah somakalpas tato 'parah dvavimso bhavanah proktah supuman iti caparah
vaikunthas carcisas tadvad vallikalpas tato 'parah saptavimso 'tha vairajo gaurikalpas tathaparah
mahesvaras tatha proktas tripuro yatra ghatitah pitrkalpas tatha cante yah kuhur brahmanah smrtah Therefore the thirty kalpas of Brahma are: 1. Svetakalpa, 2. Nilalohita, 3. Vamadeva, 4. Gathantara, 5. Raurava, 6. Prana, 7. Brhatkalpa, 8. Kandarpa, 9. Savyotha, 10. Isana, 11. Dhyana, 12. Sarasvata, 13. Udana, 14.Garuda, 15. Kaurma, 16. Narasimha, 17. Samadhi, 18. Agneya, 19. Visnuja, 20. Saura, 21. Somakalpa, 22. Bhavana, 23. Supuma, 24. Vaikuntha, 25. Arcisa, 26. Vallikalpa, 27. Vairaja, 28. Gaurikalpa, 29. Mahesvara, 30. Paitrkalpa.
These are Brahma's days only, and he has to live months and years up to one hundred, so we can just imagine how many creations there are in kalpas only. Then again there are vikalpas which are generated by the breathing of Maha-Visnu, as is stated in the Brahma-samhita (yasyaika-nisvasita-kalam athavalambya jivanti lomavilaja jagadanda-nathah). The Brahmas live only during the breathing period of Maha-Visnu. So the exhaling and inhaling of Visnu are mahakalpas, and all these are due to the Supreme Personality of Godhead, for no one else is the master of all creations.
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