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TEXT 27
ekayano sau dvi-phalas tri-mulas
catu-rasah panca-vidhah sad-atma
sapta-tvag asta-vitapo navakso
dasa-cchadi dvi-khago hy adi-vrksah
SYNONYMS
eka-ayanahthe body of an ordinary living being is fully dependent on the material elements; asauthat; dvi-phalahin this body we are subject to material happiness and distress, which result from karma; tri-mulahhaving three roots, the three modes of nature (goodness, passion and ignorance), upon which the body is created; catuh-rasahfour rasas, or tastes; panca-vidhahconsisting of five senses for acquiring knowledge (the eyes, ears, nose, tongue and touch); sat-atmasix circumstances (lamentation, illusion, old age, death, hunger and thirst); sapta-tvakhaving seven coverings (skin, blood, muscle, fat, bone, marrow and semen); asta-vitapaheight branches (the five gross elementsearth, water, fire, air and etherand also the mind, intelligence and ego); nava-aksahnine holes; dasa-chaditen kinds of life air, resembling the leaves of a tree; dvi-khagahtwo birds (the individual soul and the Supersoul); hiindeed; adi-vrksah this is the original tree or construction of the material body, whether individual or universal.
TRANSLATION
The body [the total body and the individual body are of the same composition] may figuratively be called the original tree. From this tree, which fully depends on the ground of material nature, come two kinds of fruitthe enjoyment of happiness and the suffering of distress. The cause of the tree, forming its three roots, is association with the three modes of material naturegoodness, passion and ignorance. The fruits of bodily happiness have four tastesreligiosity, economic development, sense gratification and liberationwhich are experienced through five senses for acquiring knowledge in the midst of six circumstances: lamentation, illusion, old age, death, hunger and thirst. The seven layers of bark covering the tree are skin, blood, muscle, fat, bone, marrow and semen, and the eight branches of the tree are the five gross and three subtle elementsearth, water, fire, air, ether, mind, intelligence and false ego. The tree of the body has nine hollowsthe eyes, the ears, the nostrils, the mouth, the rectum and the genitalsand ten leaves, the ten airs passing through the body. In this tree of the body there are two birds: one is the individual soul, and the other is the Supersoul.
PURPORT
This material world is composed of five principal elementsearth, water, fire, air and etherall of which are emanations from Krsna. Although materialistic scientists may accept these five primary elements as the cause of the material manifestation, these elements in their gross and subtle states are produced by Krsna, whose marginal potency also produces the living entities working within this material world. The Seventh Chapter of Bhagavad-gita clearly states that the entire cosmic manifestation is a combination of two of Krsnas energiesthe superior energy and the inferior energy. The living entities are the superior energy, and the inanimate material elements are His inferior energy. In the dormant stage, everything rests in Krsna.
Material scientists cannot give such a thorough analysis of the material structure of the body. The analysis of the material scientists concerns itself only with inanimate matter, but this is inadequate because the living entity is completely separate from the material bodily structure. In Bhagavad-gita (7.5) the Lord says:
Besides this inferior nature, O mighty-armed Arjuna, there is a superior energy of Mine, which consists of all the living entities who are struggling with material nature and are sustaining the universe. Although the material elements emanate from the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Krsna, they are separated elements and are sustained by the living elements.
As indicated by the word dvi-khagah, the living elements within the body resemble two birds in a tree. Kha means sky, and ga means one who flies. Thus the word dvi-khagah refers to birds. In the tree of the body there are two birds, or two living elements, and they are always different. In Bhagavad-gita (13.3), the Lord says, ksetra jnam capi mam viddhi sarva-ksetresu bharata: O scion of Bharata, you should understand that I am also the knower in all bodies. The ksetra jna, the owner of the body, is also called the khaga, the living entity. Within the body there are two such ksetra jnasthe individual soul and the Supersoul. The individual soul is the owner of his individual body, but the Supersoul is present within the bodies of all living entities. Such a thorough analysis and understanding of the bodily structure cannot be obtained anywhere but in the Vedic literature.
When two birds enter a tree, one may foolishly think that the birds become one or merge with the tree, but actually they do not. Rather, each bird keeps its individual identity. Similarly, the individual soul and the Supersoul do not become one, nor do they merge with matter. The living entity lives close to matter, but this does not mean that he merges or mixes with it (asango hy ayam purusah), although material scientists mistakenly see the organic and inorganic, or animate and inanimate, to be mixed.
Vedic knowledge has been kept imprisoned or concealed, but every human being needs to understand it in truth. The modern civilization of ignorance is simply engaged in analyzing the body, and thus people come to the erroneous conclusion that the living force within the body is generated under certain material conditions. People have no information of the soul, but this verse gives the perfect explanation that there are two living forces (dvi-khaga): the individual soul and the Supersoul. The Supersoul is present in every body (isvarah sarva-bhutanam hrd-dese rjuna tisthati [Bg. 18.61]), whereas the individual soul is situated only in his own body (dehi) and is transmigrating from one body to another.
Link to this page: https://prabhupadabooks.com/sb/10/2/27 Previous: SB 10.2.26 Next: SB 10.2.28
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