So there was no need of this democratic meeting, but there was meeting of the first-class brahmanas. For the benefit of the whole human society they used to meet sometimes, and that meeting is still continuing in India. It is called Kumbha-mela. Kumbha-mela. Recently this meeting took place in Haridwar. All the saintly person used to come and in four places: one at Prayaga, Allahabad, one at Vrndavana, and one at Haridwar, and another at Ramesvaram, something like that. Four places. So similar meeting was held at Naimisaranya. Naimisaranya, that place is still existing, very nice place.

So the question was that "After departure of Krsna, who was guiding the fates of the human being?" The last question was this.

At the present moment, they do not know what is pollution and they do not know what is religious principle. That is the defect of the modern civilization, that religion is described in the dictionary, "a kind of faith," not principle. But according to Vedic conception, religion is not a kind of faith. Religion is... It is your must duty. That is religion. Or it is your natural occupation. You cannot change it. Faith you can change. "I am now Muhammadan; I become Hindu." Or "I am Hindu, I become Christian." But I remain the same man. I may change my faith from this to that. So religion does not mean that. Religion means you cannot change it at any circumstance. That is religion. That is the meaning of dharma. If you change, that is your diseased condition. That is not normal condition. So that is the meaning of religion. Therefore in the Bhagavad-gita it is said, yada yada hi dharmasya glanir bhavati [Bg. 4.7]. When human being changes his normal condition of life, that is pollution of...

So the normal condition of life is described by Caitanya Mahaprabhu. When Sanatana Gosvami inquired from Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu that "Why I am suffering?"... He inquired from Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu. He was minister, very big post, and very learned scholar in Sanskrit and Arabic. Because at that time there was Pathan rule. So as government was Muhammadan, so responsible officers, ministers, they had to learn the Arabic language or Persian language. The Moguls were Persians?

So here Krsna came to establish this fact, that "You are neither Roman, nor Indian nor brahmana nor sudra. You are My eternal servant. Therefore give up all this nonsense identification." Sarva-dharman parityajya [Bg. 18.66]. Because due to your wrong identification, you have created so-called "isms:" Hinduism, Muhammadanism, nationalism, this "ism," that "ism." This is all nonsense. This is the understanding of religion. Whatever we have created with the bodily concept of life, they are all nonsense. The real religion is that "I am eternal servant of Krsna." That is real religion. Caitanya Mahaprabhu, when He was questioned by Sanatana Gosvami, "My dear Sir, I have come to You to surrender to You because You are my spiritual master. You have asked me to give up my family life. So by Your word I have given up. Now I have come to You. So this is my first question." One should be very inquisitive. After initiation, adau gurvasrayam. This is our system. So just to become enlightened in the spiritual affairs of life... As Arjuna also said, sisyas te 'ham sadhi mam prapannam [Bg. 2.7]. Similarly, Sanatana Gosvami also, he said, "Sir, You asked me. I am now surrendered to You. So this is my question."

What is that question? There must be question. If one is actually seeking after spiritual realization, there must be intelligent question. The first intelligent question was put forward by Sanatana Gosvami, that ke ami kene amaya jare tapa-traya: "Sir, please let me know what is my identification, why I am put into this miserable condition of material life." People do not know it. Just like cats and dogs. The cat or the dog does not know that his life is very abominable. No, he is happy. This is maya. Even the hog, he is also thinking, "I am very happy." This is called maya, moha. Jivasya moha, aham mameti [SB 5.5.8]. So when human life is there, at least, one must be awakened to this consciousness, that actually "I am not happy." That is the beginning of human life, not to remain in darkness like cats and dog. He is unhappy in every respect, in every step, and still, he is thinking, "I am happy." Cats, dogs, hogs, their whole day working, day and night, and for some food, and sense gratification. This is the modern life. And that is happiness, become very busy whole day and night for getting some food for eating and something for sense gratification. This is happiness.

Actually, it is not. So therefore Sanatana Gosvami was intelligent. He inquired that, ke ami kene amaya jare tapa-traya, first question to the spiritual master, that "What is my identification? Why I am suffering these threefold miseries?" They do not know what is threefold... Miseries are there, but they do not know, so dull-headed people. Adhyatmika, adhibhautika, adhidaivika, three kinds of miseries, there must be. Either three or two or at least one must be. No, three are always there. Adhyatmika means pertaining to the body or mind. "Today I am very weak." "Today I have got jaundice." "Today I have got this some stomach trouble, dysentery." These are called adhyatmika. Or mind is not very nice. And adhidaivika. Just like severe cold, severe heat, earthquake. These are... Famine, pestilence. There are so many things, adhidaivika. And adhibhautika, miseries offered by another living entity. In this way we are always implicated. Adhyatmika.

Therefore Sanatana Gosvami inquired that "I do not want this. I do not want this. But why they are imposed upon me?" This is very intelligent question. "If there is any solution?" That is intelligence, not temporary mitigation of... Temporary... Weather... Just like it is summer or winter. Anyway. Summer, in the summer we are suffering, scorching heat. At that time we are hankering after some cool place. And during winter we are suffering from chilly cold, rain. So these thing will go on. So long you are in the material world, you cannot avoid it. Therefore Sanatana Gosvami inquired, "Why these things give me trouble, although I do not want them?" This is very intelligent. "If there is any solution?"

So the modern civilization, modern or past, foolish people, they do not want the solution. They think that "Things are going on like this. We cannot avoid it. Let us suffer." That is not intelligence. If you are suffering, then you must find out the remedy. And actually, we are doing that. But because we do not know what is the actual remedy, we are missing the point. But there is solution. And for this solution, one must go to the spiritual master. That is described. Samsara-davanala-lidha-loka-tranaya **. They... This materialistic life is always like the blazing fire in the forest. So tranaya. How to get out of it. Tranaya it is called. Tranaya means to relieve from the suffering. Karunya-ghanaghanatvam. So how these sufferings can be mitigated? So people have become so dull-headed, they cannot understand what is the real suffering, and neither they have any inquiries how to mitigate the sufferings. This is the position. Therefore they are called sudras. Sudras, they are like. A brahmana is intelligent. A brahmana... Therefore we are trying to make people brahmana so that he may become intelligent. Not sudras. Others are trying to make them sudras. Sudras means to remain in ignorance, and brahmana means to remain in knowledge. That is the difference between brahmana and sudra. And these two other classes, via media, ksatriya and vaisya. The brahmanas are supposed to be the first-class men in the society. The ksatriyas, the second class, the vaisyas, the third class, and the remaining, all fourth class and fifth class.

So there was no meeting of the fourth-class, fifth-class men. What they will do? Simply pass some resolution, that's all. What they will do? Just like this United Nations. What can they do? For the last twenty years, they are trying to make solution of the problems of the world. They have so many department. The one department is WHO, World Health Organization. So because they are all sudras, what they can make, make solution? The present moment, the whole world is full of sudras, and they have got money. So they are simply spending for sense gratification. Therefore, according to Vedic civilization, sudras should not be given much money. Simply what they actually require, that's all. Because they do not know how to utilize money. At the present moment, because the whole population are sudras, as soon as they get money, they spend it for wine, women, and squander it away. Big, big rich men in America, they spend fifty thousand dollars in a week in Florida for seeing naked dance. Is it not? Is it not a fact? Because they are sudras. They do not know how to spend money. And formerly, before this, people were little intelligent, or at least they had some religious faith. So they constructed temple, churches, mosque. Nowadays these things is stopped. As soon as one gets money, "How to spend it after sense gratification?"

So formerly there was no meetings of the sudras. The meeting was held about, amongst the brahmanas, saintly persons, to consider how people will remain happy, how their spiritualistic life will be advanced. Therefore the brahmanas were the heads, and others, ksatriyas and vaisyas and sudras, they used to take instruction from the brahmanas, for their livelihood. That was very good system. That is natural. Just like in this body there are the same brahmana, ksatriya, vaisya, sudra. The brahmana is the head, the brain, and the ksatriya the arms, and vaisya the belly , and sudras is the legs. So when the body is healthy condition, the brain is very nice, then the brain gives direction to the legs, to the hands, to the belly. Brain, if one has got good brain, he does not eat much. "Why should I eat more? When I am not hungry, why shall I load the belly?" It requires brain. And "No, here is a very nice palatable thing. Let me load it." Because he has no brain. And after loading, then dysentery. You see? So in every action, the brain is required.

So therefore the brahmanas, they were first-class brain of the society, and they used to give direction to the people in general, beginning from the ksatriya, vaisyas and sudra. They used to give instruction to the ksatriyas, next intelligent class of men, for administration. And the ksatriyas used to rule over the government according to the brahmana's instruction. And the vaisyas also, they used to produce food grains and give protection to the cows. In this way, they were discharging their duty. And the sudras, they were carrying out the orders of these three higher classes.

So you will find in this instruction, in this chapter, these sages decided at the end of the meeting, that atah pumbhir dvija-sresthah. The resolution was passed like this, because there were all brahmanas. Therefore the president, Suta Gosvami, he said all the brahmanas, dvija-sresthah. He addressed. Dvija means twice-born: one birth by the father and mother, and next birth by the spiritual father and the Vedic knowledge. This is second birth, initiation. The spiritual father, or spiritual master, he gives the second birth through the mother, Vedas. Therefore they are called dvija, twice-born. Twice-born. Unless one has accepted bona fide spiritual master, he is once born, sudra. Sudra has no such thing as twice-born. Only the brahmana, ksatriyas and vaisyas. Because sudras were less intelligent, they were not initiated. They were not initiated. Only the brahmanas, ksatriyas and vaisyas, dvija.

So among the three kinds of dvija, twice-born, the brahmanas were the first class, dvija. Therefore, at the end of the meeting, the... Because they were all brahmanas. There were no ksatriyas. Only brahmanas were discussing. Naimisaranya. Atah pumbhir dvija-sresthah. Dvija-sresthah, best of the brahmana. They were not ordinary brahmana. With full Vedic knowledge, they gathered. Varnasrama-vibhagasah. The varnasrama must be there in the human society. So varnasrama-vibhagasah. Vibhaga means division. Atah pumbhir dvija-srestha varnasrama-vibhagasah, svanusthitasya dharmasya. Everyone has got his dharma. That is dharma, the brahmana. Dharma means his occupational duty. Dharma means his occupational duty. That is dharma. A brahmana is..., he has got his duties, to practice how to become truthful, satya; sama, how to control the senses; and dama, how to control the mind. Satyam samo damas titiksa, how to learn toleration, forbearance. Satyam samo damas titiksa, arjavam, how to become simple, not crooked. Jnanam, full knowledge in everything. Vijnanam, practical application. Satyam samo damas titiksa arjavam jnanam vijnanam astikyam [Bg. 18.42], full faith in the Vedic literature. That is called astikyam. That is called theism, to believe in the sastras without any deviation. That is called theism. Atheism means not to believe in the sastra or not to accept them as it is, to comment according to one's own whim. That is called atheism. Theism means to have faith, full faith in the Vedic knowledge. That is called theism.

That I have given you several times the example. Just like the cow dung is the stool of an animal, but the Vedic literature confirms that cow dung is pure. Now, you cannot argue, "It is stool of an animal. In one place you have condemned that if you touch the stool of an animal, you have to take bath thrice, and now you say cow dung, which is also stool of an animal, it is pure. Where is your argument?" You have to accept. That is called theism. Because the Vedas says, without any argument, you accept it. That is called theism. You cannot change. You cannot comment. That is called theism. Astikyam. Brahma-karma svabhava-jam [Bg. 18.42]. And unless you have got such faith in the Vedic knowledge, you cannot make any progress. That is not possible. If you, with your poor fund of knowledge, you want to interpret, from the very beginning there is no question of progress.

Therefore you'll find in the Bhagavad-gita, when Arjuna heard from Krsna the principles of Bhagavad-gita, he said, sarvam etad rtam manye yad vadasi me (sic:) pandava: [Bg. 10.14] "My dear Krsna, whatever You have spoken in this instruction, I accept them as perfectly true." You'll find. First of all he said, sisyas te 'ham sadhi mam prapannam [Bg. 2.7]. Of course, sad-dharma-prcchat, there must be, but whatever the spiritual master said, he accepted in toto. Sarvam etad rtam manye yad vadasi me kesava [Bg. 10.14]. This is the principle. That is called astikyam, theism. First of all, before accepting the spiritual master, you must find out whether Krsna or Krsna's representative is there. Arjuna surrendered to Krsna. Sisyas te 'ham: "I am Your disciple." Similarly, everyone should surrender to Krsna or Krsna's representative. That is spiritual master. If one does not know what is Krsna, neither he speaks, just vibrate the Krsna's word, he is not spiritual master. He cannot be spiritual master. Spiritual master does not manufacture his own ideas. That is not spiritual master. Spiritual master is he who speaks exactly the words which is spoken by Krsna. That is the secret. You cannot change.

So in the Naimisaranya, the resolution was made like this, svanusthitasya dharmasya. So everyone has got his dharma, particular duty: brahmana, ksatriya, vaisya. So one must be intelligent enough whether by his, by the discharge of his particular duty he has satisfied Krsna. Then he has satisfied Krsna. Just like the different parts of the body, their duty is how to keep this body fit. That means to keep the body satisfied. Fit means when everything, all the metabolism, organization of the body, is going nicely, then it is fit. And as soon as there is some discrepancies in the regular process... There are so many processes going on within the body. Kapha-pitta-vayuh. There is very good mechanical arrangement. So the brain means to keep this mechanical arrangement very busy and going on nicely. That is brain. That is brain." When I shall eat, when I shall not eat, when I shall sleep, when I shall..." These things are necessities but brain requires how to adjust them. Eating, sleeping, mating and sense gratification, er, protection, that is required, but it requires brain how to transact all this business. Therefore the brain is required, and everyone has got his duty. And the resultant action, how the things are going on nicely, successfully, what is the test? The test is samsiddhi... [break]

But business is how to satisfy Krsna. Samsiddhir hari-tosanam [SB 1.2.13]. Hari-tosanam. This is very natural. Just like in a big office, some many clerks are waiting. The business is that everyone should be ready to satisfy the office routine work, or satisfy the managing director. But how one can see the managing director is satisfied or not? Immediately in the office, in every department, there is a superintendent. So if the superintendent is satisfied, you must know the managing director is satisfied. Similarly, you are under the direction of your spiritual master. If you see that the spiritual master is satisfied, then you should know that Krsna is satisfied. That is confirmed by Visvanatha Cakravarti: yasya prasadad bhagavat-prasadah **. And yasyaprasadan na gatih kuto 'pi: If the spiritual master is not satisfied, then you are gone to hell. Yasya aprasadan na gatih kuto 'pi. Because who will recommend to Krsna the promotion and so many things?

So therefore our business is to see. It doesn't matter whether you are acting as a sudra or brahmana or ksatriya. It doesn't matter. If by your actions, sva-karmabhis tam abhyarcya. If by your action Krsna is satisfied, then your life is successful. It doesn't matter in what position you are. It doesn't matter, if Krsna is satisfied. This is the principle of life. That is real dharma. Krsna says, sarva-dharman pa..., mam ekam saranam vraja. So whether we have surrendered to Krsna and satisfied Him? This is our business to see. In this way... And this chapter is very important. We may discuss.

So dharma is actually under the protection of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. You cannot manufacture dharma. Because we do not know what is dharma. Dharmam tu saksad bhagavat-pranitam [SB 6.3.19]. Dharma means to abide by the orders of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. It doesn't matter whether you are Hindu, Muslim or Christian. That is explained in the sixth verse. Sa vai pumsam paro dharma yato bhaktir adhoksaje [SB 1.2.6]. The verse, we read. Paro dharmah. Paro dharmah means the best, best, supreme dharma. Yato bhaktir adhoksaje. It doesn't matter whether you are Hindu or Muslim. Whether you are interested to satisfy God? That is first-class religion. Otherwise, it is third-class, fourth-class or whatever... Whether your interest is to satisfy God. Then it is first-class. It doesn't matter. By the name it doesn't go away. Therefore we find, actually those who are advanced in religious principle, they are all devotee. [break] ...faithful. Just like Lord Jesus Christ-devotee. Similarly, Muhammad also, they were devotee. They never declared that "I am God." Did Muhammad say like that? No. Servant of God. Similarly, Jesus Christ said, "Son of God." So it is very good. It doesn't matter. If we remain son of God or servant of God faithfully, then it is first-class religious system.

But it is very difficult to say, but bhagavata-dharma, that which is called bhagavata, simply relationship with Krsna... In the Srimad-Bhagavatam you will find no other topics except to establish the original relationship with Krsna, and therefore it is first class. Sa vai pumsam paro dharmo yato bhaktir adhoksaje ahaituki [SB 1.2.6], without any... In the material field... What can be done? Some way or other, although it is..., in the Bible it is said... They go to church for asking bread. But that is not paro dharmah, because there is hetu, some cause. But this cause... Similarly in the Muhammadan religion also, just to be promoted to the heavenly kingdom more. No. That is not first class. First class means ahaituki, without any cause. Not that "I shall go to church, I shall go to mosque, I shall go to temple for asking something from God." That is not first class. That is good in this sense, that these rascals have at least come to pray to God. So much it is. But such kind of prayer does not make the first-class religion. The prayer, as offered by Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, na dhanam na janam na sundarim kavitam va jagadisa kamaye: [Cc. Antya 20.29, Siksastaka 4] "My dear Lord, I do not want any amount of money," na dhanam, "or any number of disciples or followers," na dhanam na janam na sun..., "neither any beautiful wife."

So, so many so-called incarnation of God, they come for money, for beautiful wife, and many followers. So that is not wanted. That is not religion. Religion means without wanting all these things. Na dhanam na janam sundarim kavitam va jagadisa kamaye. Not for any material... Ahaituky apratihata. "Oh, I am a poor man, I cannot love God. I cannot enhance my devotional service." No. Devotional service is so nice, apratihata, it cannot be checked by any material condition. That is dharma. Sa vai pumsam paro dharmo yato bhaktir adhoksaje [SB 1.2.6]. This is re... This is test how much I am religious, how much I am devotee. This is the test.

So we should be always alert to test our advancement, how we are making advancement. Because unless we become first-class devotee, there is no question of our being relieved from this material condition of life. That is not possible. That is not possible. Ahaituky apratihata yayatma suprasidati.

Thank you very much. (end)