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TEXTS 13–14
ksetrajna atma purusah puranah
saksat svayam jyotir ajah paresah
narayano bhagavan vasudevah
sva-mayayatmany avadhiyamanah
yathanilah sthavara-jangamanam
atma-svarupena nivista iset
evam paro bhagavan vasudevah
ksetrajna atmedam anupravistah
SYNONYMS
ksetra-jnah—the Supreme Personality of Godhead; atma—all-pervading, present everywhere; purusah—the unrestricted controller, who has unlimited power; puranah—the original; saksat—perceivable by hearing from the authorities and by direct perception; svayam—personal; jyotih—manifesting His bodily rays (the Brahman effulgence); ajah—never born; paresah—the Supreme Personality of Godhead; narayanah—the resting place of all living entities; bhagavan—the Personality of Godhead with six full opulences; vasudevah—the shelter of everything, manifested and nonmanifest; sva-mayaya—by His own potency; atmani—in His own self, or in the ordinary living entities; avadhiyamanah—existing as the controller; yatha—as much as; anilah—the air; sthavara—of nonmoving living entities; jangamanam—and of the moving living entities; atma-svarupena—by His expansion as the Supersoul; nivistah—entered; iset—controls; evam—thus; parah—transcendental; bhagavan—the Supreme Personality of Godhead; vasudevah—the shelter of everything; ksetra-jnah—known as ksetrajna; atma—the vital force; idam—this material world; anupravistah—entered within.
TRANSLATION
There are two kinds of ksetrajna—the living entity, as explained above, and the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is explained as follows. He is the all-pervading cause of creation. He is full in Himself and is not dependent on others. He is perceived by hearing and direct perception. He is self-effulgent and does not experience birth, death, old age or disease. He is the controller of all the demigods, beginning with Lord Brahma. He is called Narayana, and He is the shelter of living entities after the annihilation of this material world. He is full of all opulences, and He is the resting place of everything material. He is therefore known as Vasudeva, the Supreme Personality of Godhead. By His own potency, He is present within the hearts of all living entities, just as the air or vital force is within the bodies of all beings, moving and nonmoving. In this way He controls the body. In His partial feature, the Supreme Personality of Godhead enters all bodies and controls them.
PURPORT
This is confirmed in Bhagavad-gita (15.15). Sarvasya caham hrdi sannivisto mattah smrtir jnanam apohanam ca. Every living being is controlled by the supreme living being, Paramatma, who resides within everyone’s heart. He is the purusa, the purusa-avatara, who creates this material world. The first purusa-avatara is Maha-Visnu, and that Maha-Visnu is the plenary portion of the plenary portion of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Krsna. Krsna’s first expansion is Baladeva, and His next expansions are Vasudeva, Sankarsana, Aniruddha and Pradyumna. Vasudeva is the original cause of the brahmajyoti, and the brahmajyoti is the expansion of the rays of the body of Vasudeva.
“I worship Govinda, the primeval Lord, who is endowed with great power. The glowing effulgence of His transcendental form is the impersonal Brahman, which is absolute, complete and unlimited and which displays the varieties of countless planets, with their different opulences, in millions and millions of universes.” (Brahma-samhita 5.40) The Supreme Personality of Godhead is thus described in Bhagavad-gita:
“By Me, in My unmanifested form, this entire universe is pervaded. All beings are in Me, but I am not in them.” (Bg. 9.4)
This is the position of the plenary expansions of Krsna as the all-pervading Vasudeva, Sankarsana, Pradyumna and Aniruddha.
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